Historically, fungal infections have not been considered an\nimportant influenza complication. In 2018, a retrospective\nmulticenter cohort study in Belgium and the Netherlands\nidentified aspergillosis in 19% of patients with severe influenza.\nAs influenza seemed independently associated with\nIPA, the term influenza-associated pulmonary aspergillosis\n(IAPA) was introduced [1, 2]. In contrast, a single-center\nretrospective Canadian study reported an incidence of 7.2%\n[3]. Incidence seemingly varies between geographical regions\nand centers, but awareness among physicians may also vary.\nDiagnosis of IAPA is still challenging. Since culture has low\nsensitivity, non-culture-based diagnostic methods like galactomannan\n(GM) should be used [4].
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